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tertium quids
The ''tertium quids'' (sometimes shortened to quids) refers to various factions of the American Democratic-Republican Party during the period 1804–1812. In Latin, ''tertium quid'' means "a third something". ''Quid'' was a disparaging term that referred to cross-party coalitions of Federalists and moderate Democratic-Republican.
==Pennsylvania==
Between 1801 and 1806 rival factions of Jeffersonian Republicans in Philadelphia engaged in intense public debate and vigorous political competition that pitted radical democrats against moderates who defended the traditional rights of the propertied classes. The radicals, led by William Duane, publisher of the Jeffersonian ''Aurora'', agitated for legislative reforms that would increase popular representation and the power of the poor and laboring classes. Moderates successfully outmaneuvered their radical opponents and kept the Pennsylvania legislature friendly to emergent liberal capitalism. The term was first used in 1804, referring to the moderates, especially a faction of the Republican party calling itself "the Society of Constitutional Republicans." They gathered Federalist support and in 1805 re-elected Governor Thomas McKean, who had been elected by a united Republican party in 1802 but had broken with the majority wing of the party.〔Shankman (1999); Phillips (1977)〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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